匯流排作為電力傳輸的關鍵設備，在運行過程中可能會出現多種問題，影響電力系統的穩定運行。對於常見問題及時採取應對措施、保障電力供應至關重要。
busway, as a key device for power transmission, may encounter various problems during operation, which affect the stable operation of the power system. It is crucial to take timely countermeasures for common problems to ensure power supply.
匯流排導體多為銅或鋁，易受環境侵蝕。例如在潮濕、含有腐蝕性氣體的環境中，金屬與空氣中的水分、化學物質發生反應，產生銹蝕。這會使導體電阻增大，導致電能傳輸時發熱，降低傳輸效率，長期下來更可能引發短路。
The conductors of busway are mostly made of copper or aluminum, which are susceptible to environmental erosion. For example, in humid environments with corrosive gases, metals react with moisture and chemical substances in the air, causing rust. This increases the resistance of the conductor, leading to heat generation during power transmission, reducing transmission efficiency, and may even cause short circuits in the long term.
匯流排運行中的振動、熱脹冷縮等，會使導體接頭處螺絲鬆動，造成接觸不良。接觸電阻增大，產生局部高溫，甚至出現火花，嚴重時影響供電穩定性。
Vibrations, thermal expansion and contraction, etc., during the operation of busway will loosen the screws at the conductor joints, resulting in poor contact. The increased contact resistance generates local high temperatures or even sparks, seriously affecting the stability of power supply.
匯流排長時間運行、溫度變化、電氣應力等，會使絕緣材料性能下降。如絕緣層變脆、開裂，失去對導體的有效隔離，增加漏電、短路風險。
Long-term operation, temperature changes, electrical stress, etc., of busway will degrade the performance of insulating materials. For instance, the insulating layer becomes brittle and cracked, losing effective isolation from the conductor, which increases the risk of electric leakage and short circuits.
若匯流排處於潮濕環境，或因密封不良導致水汽進入，絕緣性能將大幅降低。水分會在絕緣層表面形成導電通道，引發漏電事故。
If the busway is in a humid environment or water vapor enters due to poor sealing, the insulation performance will be significantly reduced. Moisture will form a conductive path on the surface of the insulating layer, triggering electric leakage accidents.
當實際負載電流超過匯流排額定電流時，即發生過載。可能因設備增加、運行功率提升，或電力系統設計不合理，未充分考慮未來負載增長所致。過載時，母線槽發熱加劇，溫度過高會損壞絕緣層、縮短使用壽命，甚至引發火災。
When the actual load current exceeds the rated current of the busway, overload occurs. This may be caused by the addition of equipment, increased operating power, or unreasonable design of the power system that does not fully consider future load growth. During overload, the busway heats up more severely. Excessive temperature will damage the insulating layer, shorten the service life, and even cause fires.
匯流排絕緣老化、受潮、機械損傷等，致使絕緣層破損，不同相導體間或導體與外殼間直接接觸，產生強大短路電流，瞬間釋放大量熱量，損壞設備。
Aging, moisture, mechanical damage, etc., of the busway insulation will lead to damage to the insulating layer, causing direct contact between conductors of different phases or between the conductor and the shell, generating a strong short-circuit current that releases a large amount of heat instantaneously and damages the equipment.
匯流排安裝或維護時不慎遺留金屬異物，或小動物進入母線槽，可能造成導體間短路。
Metal foreign objects left accidentally during the installation or maintenance of the busway, or small animals entering the busway, may cause short circuits between conductors.